Translate the given sentences. Mind the Second and the Third Conditionals.

B.

1. If I were in your place. I would receive the proposal.

2. He would translate the article, if he had a dictionary.

3. If the students had worked hard during the term, they would have passed the exam.

b) Rewrite the sentences using the Zero, First, Second or Third Conditional. The second sentence must have the same meaning as the first.

1. You put oil on water, the oil floats.

If you put oil on water, it floats.

2. Madonna’s new record is coming out soon and I don’t want to buy it.

When ___________________________

3. President Kennedy went to Dallas and he was shot.

If _______________________________

4. Water boils when you heat it to 100C.

If _______________________________

5. I like sport so I watch the TV sports channel.

If _______________________________

6. Lennon and McCartney met so the Beatles existed.

The Beatles _______________________

7. I wear boots when it’s cold.

If _______________________________

8. Karl Marx and Chairman Mao never met so they didn’t have an interesting conversation.

_________________________________

9. It doesn’t usually snow in June in Europe so I can’t go skiing then.

If _______________________________

 

Exercise VI

 

Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs in brackets.

“I can’t 1____________ (believe) it! I passed all my exams! I really don’t know how I managed 2____________ (pass) Maths. Now I need 3____________ (decide) what to study at university, but the problem is that I don’t know what I want 4__________ (do).

A few months ago I decided 5___________ (study) Biology, but now I’m not sure. It seems 6___________ (be) difficult to find a job as a biologist. I suppose I could 7___________ (become) a doctor, but it must 8_____________ (be) a very stressful job. My mum says you can learn 9____________ (enjoy) anything, but I wouldn’t like 10____________ (work) in a hospital.

I enjoy 11_____________ (work) with people. I don’t like 12______________ (do) the same thing every day. I don’t mind 13 __________ (get) up early. I love 14___________ (travel) and I prefer 15__________ (work) outside. Oh, and I can’t stand 16___________ (talk) on the phone for a long time. What’s the best job for me?”

 

Complete the statements with the infinitive or the gerund.

 

I love ________ (write) songs.

I can’t stand ________ (have) a routine.

I enjoy _________ (be) the centre of attention.

I don’t mind _________ (wear) a uniform.

I hope _________ (get) the chance to play.

I’d like _________ (help) people.

I can __________ (do) things for people.

VARIANT II

Exercise I

Read and translate the text into Russian.

Translating Machines.

Machines for translating texts from one language into another are known to have been built many times and by different inventors.

The possibility of translating the text is based on a well-known fact that a sentence in any language is constructed in words according to certain rules, which can be presented in the form of a computer programme.

How does a computer translate a text? Let us suppose that we have an English text which is to be translated into Russian. First a programmer translates it into a special machine language, the language of numbers. Now the machine can convert the text into the language of electric impulses and thus to introduce the information into a computer memory in the form of electromagnetic signals.

A computer has its own dictionary stored in its magnetic memory. To find a word in this magnetic dictionary, the dictionary compares the code number of a given word of the text with those stored in its electromagnetic memory.

As we see, to find a word in its dictionary and to translate it is a very simple task for a computer. After this a special grammar analyzing programme comes into play. To make the analysis possible the programmers add to each code number of the word additional digits, which indicate the grammar function of the word in the sentence and the part of speech the word belongs to. Scientists, engineers and mathematicians are doing their best to make the machines and the programmes better.

 

Exercise II

Give English equivalents of:

 

1) хорошо известный факт

2) согласно определенным правилам

3) делать все возможное

4) ввести информацию в память компьютера

5) принадлежать к части речи

 

Exercise III

Give Russian equivalents of:

1) indicate the grammar function

2) present in the form of a computer programme

3) add additional digits

4) let us suppose

Exercise IV

Fill the gaps with the correct verb Active or Passive Voice:

Stamps (Марки).

In 1840, Rowland Hill’s Penny Stamp Act (законопроект) became law (закон). Under this law, letters (paid, were paid) for by weight (по весу). Previously they (had charged, had been charged – взимать плату) according to the distance or number of sheets. It also became compulsory (обязательный) to pay for postage in advance (заранее). This (had not done, had not always been done) before and often people had refused (отказываться) to pay for letters which (delivered, were delivered - доставлять) to them. Stamps (were introduced, introduced - вводить) in 1840 as easy way of checking that postage (had paid, had been paid).

 

Number of sheets – количество листов (письма).

 

Exercise V. Conditionals

a) Translate the given sentences. Mind the First Conditional.

A.

1. If the researcher uses this new approach, he will be able to avoid many errors.

2. He will help you by all means, if he has some free time.

3. The plant will not pollute the environment, provided it is provided with all necessary protection equipment.