State System of the Russian Federation

The Russian Federation, or the Russian Federative Republik, is set up by the Constitution of 1993.

Under the Constitution Russia is a presidential republik. The federal government consists of three branches: legislative, executive and judicial. Each of them is checked and balansed by the President.

The legislative power is vested in the Federal Assemble. It consists of two chambers. The Upper Chamber is the Counsil of Federation; the Lower Chamber is the State Duma.

Each Chamber is headed by the Speaker. Legislature may be initiated in either of the two Chambers. But to become a law a bill must be approved by both Chambers and signet by the President. The President may veto the bill.

The President is commander-in-chief of the armed forces, he makes treaties, enforces laws, appoints ministers to be approved by the Federal Assembly.

The executive power belongs to the Government which is headed by the Prime Minister. The first action of the Prime Minister on appointment is to form the Cabinet.

The judicial branch is represented by the Constitutional Court, the Supreme Court and the regional courts.

The members of the Federal Assembly are elected by popular vote for a four-year period.

Today the state symbol of Russia is a three-coloured banner.It has three horizontal stripes: white, blue and red. The white stripe symbolizes the earth, the blue one stands for the sky, and the red one symbolizes liberty. It was the first state symbol that replaced the former symbols in 1991. The hymn of Russia is “The Patriotic Song” by M.Glinka. A new national emblem is a two-headed eagle.

 

ВАРИАНТ VI

I. Перепишите следующие предложения. Подчеркните в них слова, оформленные окончанием -s, и определите по грамматическим признакам, какой частью речи являются эти слова и какую функцию выполняет это окончание, т.е. служит ли оно:

а) показателем З-го лица единственного числа глагола в Present Indefinite;

б) признаком множественного числа имени существительного:

в) показателем притяжательного падежа имени существительного.

Переведите предложения на русский язык.

 

1. The thieves` car was badly damaged and easy to recognize.

2. The federal government consists of three branches: legislative, executive and judicial.

II. Перепишите следующие предложения, поставив прилагательные и наречия в указанную степень сравнения (сравнительную или превосходную). Переведите предложения на русский язык.

 

1. R oman law is one of the (great - превосх.ст.) legal systems that has ever existed.

2. In the American legislation “lobbyists” are often (influential - сравн.ст.) than congressmen themselves.

III. Поставьте следующие утвердительные предложения в вопросительную и отрицательную формы. Утвердительные предложения переведите на русский язык.

 

1.He makes a plan of the investigation.

2.They have chosen the work in militia.

3. My colleague studied law at George Washington University.

IV. Перепишите следующие предложения, найдите в них и подчеркните неопределенные и отрицательные местоимения. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

 

1. Any congressman in either house, or the president, may initiate new legislation.

2. Some of my school-mates came to the Moscow Law Institute after serving in the Army.

3. Washington is like no other city of the USA.

V. Перепишите следующие предложения, подчеркните в каждом из них глагол-сказуемое и определите его видовременную форму и залог. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

 

1. The witnesses have identified the criminal as the perpetrator of the criminal acts.

2. In 1834 the Central Criminal Court was set up by statute, as the Court in which the Commissioners were to do their work.

3. The police play an important role in protecting citizens from crime.

4. The judicial branch is represented by the Constitutional Court, the Supreme Court and the regional courts.

VI. Перепишите следующие предложения, подчеркните Participle I и Participle II и установите функции каждого из них, т.е. укажите, является ли причастие определением, обстоятельством или частью глагола-сказуемого. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

 

1. Interpol is a private corporation, founded in 1923 as a service organization devoted to coordination action against international criminals.

2. While speaking to a victim or witness, the main task of the detective is his ability to conduct a productive interview.

3. When protecting a crime scene, the officer must remember that nothing is to be touched or moved.

VII. Перепишите следующие предложения, подчеркните в каждом из них модальный глагол или его эквивалент. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

 

1. In cases provided for by legislation citizens shall be given legal assistance free of charge.

2. Can you say what crime you will face tomorrow?

3. Certain cases may be referred to the European Court of Justice in Luxembourg.

VIII. Прочитайте и письменно переведите текст.