Racist violence migrates to the country

   Racism and xenophobic violence is flourishing in towns and villages across Britain – while inner city areas that were once hotbeds of racial violence are now more "at ease" with diversity, according to a new report.

    Researchers at the Institute of Race Relations (IRR) analysed 660 racist attacks across Britain last year and found growing evidence to suggest that violence against minorities has shifted to rural areas and towns.

    The IRR said hatred and bigotry had spread in less than a generation thanks to a broad spread of asylum seekers, migrant workers, overseas students and the movement of settled ethnic minority families. Prejudice was also being fanned, they concluded, by mainstream political parties competing with one another over which could cut immigration the fastest.

    They added: "… ethnic minorities in a whole host of cities, towns and areas, not traditionally associated with such violence, now appear to be experiencing it. These are areas which have traditionally been very white and are not affluent. In some cases, core industries have gone and a whole generation of young people are without a future."

   The authors found asylum seekers, newly-arrived migrant workers and people who look Muslim are most at risk of attack, while trades that isolate individuals, such as cab driving, serving in takeaways and staffing small shops were found to be the most dangerous. IRR researchers say at least 89 identifiably racist murders have taken place in Britain since Stephen Lawrence was killed while waiting for a bus in Eltham, south London, in 1993 – an average of five a year. Of the victims, 39 were Asian, 25 were black, four were white British and three were white eastern Europeans.

    Lee Bridges, who analysed official crime statistics for the report, found that while racist attacks had decreased in London over the past decade, they have dramatically risen in proportion elsewhere.

    In 1999/2000, London recorded 23,401 racist incidents, 49 per cent of the national total. By 2007/8 that number had dropped to 9,866, a 58 per cent reduction. Last year, Greater Manchester, West Midlands, West Yorkshire, Thames Valley and Lancashire accounted for 28 per cent of the national total, a 103 per cent increase on 10 years ago.

                                     The Independent, Saturday 26 June 2010

2. Give Russian equivalents for:

xenophobic violence; to flourish; inner city areas; hotbeds of racial violence; ‘at ease’ with diversity; racist attacks; newly-arrived migrant workers; growing evidence to suggest; bigotry; a broad spread; asylum seekers; settled ethnic minority families; to fan prejudice; to experience violence; to cut immigration; most at risk of attack; identifiably racist murders; proportion; dramatically; to rise; to increase; to decrease; to drop; racist incidents; to account for; the national total.

 

3. Give the main idea of the article and support it with statistical data.

4. Read and translate the following article.

Ethnic tensions targeting migrant workers rising in Russia

Increase in hate crimes

    Mukhamad Amin Madzhumder, the head of the Russian Federation of Migrants, warned Monday of an increase in hate crimes against the migrants, who are mainly Muslim. “The nationalists are pursuing their political goals. This is clearly very dangerous,” he said. “We are warning migrants to be careful for now.”

   The disorder was triggered by the killing of an ethnic Russian, Yegor Shcherbakov, 25, who was fatally stabbed in front of his girlfriend Oct. 10. Police said Wednesday that they had detained a 30-year-old native of Azerbaijan. The suspect was delivered to Moscow in a helicopter from the small town where he had sought to hide out near the Russian capital. His arrest was the main item on evening news bulletins.

     The riot in south Moscow followed a similar attack in southern Russia this summer, when residents of a small town blocked a highway and demanded the authorities expel Chechens living there after a 16-year-old Chechen was charged with killing an off-duty soldier in a brawl.

   These two disturbances were the most serious race-related turbulence in Russia since late 2010, when about 5,000 people rioted in Moscow after an ethnic Russian soccer fan was killed by a group of youths from the North Caucasus region. Then-President Dmitry Medvedev called the violence “a threat to the very stability of Russia.”

    But ethnic tension has been brewing for decades. The collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991 saw an increase in ethnic hostilities between ethnic Russians and mainly Muslim residents of the North Caucasus region, as well as the large numbers of migrant workers who poured into the country in the past decade from impoverished former Soviet republics in Central Asia such as Tajikistan and Uzbekistan.        

Russia increasingly relies on cheap labor carried out by Muslim migrants, who have played a key role in construction for the 2014 Winter Olympic Games in Sochi. But the large influx of migrants, many of whom speak little Russian, into the country’s nationalistic heartland has stoked social unrest.

  After the United States, Russia has the second highest number of foreign migrants in the world. There are officially 11 million foreigners in the country, but Russia’s lack of visa requirements with former Soviet states makes it is difficult to keep track of arrivals. Migration officials estimate there are 3 million illegal immigrants in Russia.

  “People are simply tired of living in fear,” said Dmitry Dyomushkin, a nationalist leader who took part in talks with police during the rioting in Moscow. “They can’t even go out into the streets anymore.”

    But migrants also have faced horrific assaults. The most gruesome attack was in 2008 when nationalists beheaded a man from Tajikistan. This year also has seen a rise in aggressive raids by far-right vigilante groups on residential buildings they believe are home to illegal migrants. Human rights workers say such groups have the tacit approval of the police. In opinion polls, about 60 percent of Russians regularly indicate they agree with the nationalist slogan “Russia for the Russians.”

    Mr. Putin has in the past described himself as a “Russian nationalist” and last year he pledged to crack down on “aggressive, provocative and disrespectful” migrants who dishonor “the customs of the Russian people.” However, he also warned against promoting the creation of a “mono-ethnic, national Russian state,” calling it “the shortest path to both the destruction of the Russian people and Russia’s sovereignty.” Mr. Putin consistently has refused to introduce visas for citizens of former Soviet republics, despite the fact that 84 percent of Russians say they would welcome such a move.

“A visa regime would mean that we are pushing former Soviet republics away,” Mr. Putin said last month. “But we need to bring them closer.”

 

                                                The Washington Times, October 17, 2013

5. Translate and learn the following expressions:

An increase in hate crimes against the migrants; pursuing their political goals; the disorder was triggered by; demanded the authorities expel Chechens; disturbances; race-related turbulence; a threat to the very stability of Russia; ethnic tension has been brewing for decades; an increase in ethnic hostilities; poured into the country; impoverished former Soviet republics; to rely on cheap labor; the large influx of migrants; stoked social unrest; to keep track of arrivals; faced horrific assaults; a rise in aggressive raids; the tacit approval of the police; to crack down on “aggressive, provocative and disrespectful” migrants; dishonor “the customs of the Russian people.”; to introduce visas for citizens of former Soviet republics; pushing former Soviet republics away; to bring them closer.”

 

6. Make up 10 sentences with the expressions from exercise 2.

 

7. Read and translate the following extract paying attention to the italicized words.