Find the synonyms to the words bellow

when it comes about

stay in touch

in front of the others

reflect

7 Read the text above once more and find the main idea of it.

 

GRAMMAR

COMPLEX SUBJECT

В предложениях с конструкцией Complex Subject еще одним основным элементом является сказуемое, особенно глагол, которым оно выражено. Так как именно от глагола будет зависеть, в действительном (активном) или страдательном (пассивном) залоге будет стоять сказуемое. Предложения с конструкцией Complex Subject в английском языке обычно переводятся на русский язык с помощью таких оборотов, как «говорят, сообщают, думают, видели, слышали, оказалось, случилось»

Complex Subject в английском языке применяется с определенными глаголами. Эти глаголы условно можно разделить на несколько групп. Итак, в качестве сказуемого в предложении могут находиться глаголы, выражающие:

Осведомленность, знание, утверждение

Предположение

Восприятие

 

Также Complex Subject в английском языке используется после таких словосочетаний, как to be likely (вероятно), to be unlikely (маловероятно), to be certain (несомненно), to be sure (обязательно).

She is likely to succeed. – Вероятно, ее ждет успех.

The bag is not likely to have been stolen. – Маловероятно, что сумку украли.

 

Все перечисленные глаголы, будучи сказуемыми, могут стоять в любом времени, но только в страдательном (пассивном залоге – Passive voice). Есть еще группа глаголов, которые употребляются с конструкцией Complex Subject в английском языке, но в действительном (активном – Active voice) залоге.

Это следующие глаголы: to appear – появляться, казаться; to seem – казаться; to happen – случаться; to prove / to turn out – оказаться.

The second part of the movie appeared to be less interesting. – Оказалось, что вторая часть фильма не такая интересная.

He seems to be sleeping. – Кажется, что он спит.

Make up Complex Subject.

For example:

We heard that a car stopped outside the door. - A car was heard to stop outside the door.

It is believed that the poem was written by Byron. - The poem is believed to have been written by Byron.

1 People consider the climate there to be very healthy.

2 It was announced that the Chinese dancers were arriving next week.

3 It is expected that the performance will be a success.

4 It is said that the book is popular with both old and young.

5 It is believed that the poem was written by an unknown soldier.

6 It is supposed that the well-known playwright is working on a new play.

7 It is reported that the flood has caused severe damage to the crops.

8 It was supposed that the crops would be rich that year.

9 It has been found that this mineral water is very good for the liver.

10 Scientists consider that electricity exists throughout space.

11 It is said that the weather in Europe was exceedingly hot last summer.

12 It was reported that five ships were missing after the battle.

 

CHECK YOURSELVES

Task № 1

Choose the correct form!

His childhood … to have been very difficult.

a) said

b) say

c) are said

d) is said

Task № 2

Choose the correct form!

The river … to flow in this direction.

a) suppose

b) supposes

c) is supposed

d) to suppose

Task № 3

Choose the correct form!

You … to take these things for granted.

a) are expected

b) expected

c) is expected

d) to expect

Task № 4

Choose the correct form!

He didn’t … to notice me.

a) to seem

b) seemed

c) seem

d) is seemed

Task № 5

Choose the correct form!

The circumstances … to have become strange indeed.

a) to happen

b) happen

c) are happened

d) is happened

Task № 6

Choose the correct form!

He … to find out a few more things about the whole business.

a) was told

b) tell

c) to tell

d) were told

Task № 7

Choose the correct form!

He … to play in the open.

a) to allow

b) are allowed

c) were allowed

d) was allowed.

Task № 8

Choose the correct form!

She … to be a good teacher.

a) to prove

b) prove

c) proved

d) proving

Task № 9

Choose the correct form!

The plane … to have crashed not from the airfield.

a) report

b) to report

c) reports

d) was reported

Task № 10

Choose the correct form!

He is … to come.

a) like

b) to like

c) liked

d) likely

Task № 11

Choose the correct form!

The medicine … to be very effective.

a) said

b) say

c) are said

d) is said

Task № 12

Choose the correct form!

She … to have been a librarian in those days.

a) is believed

b) believed

c) believe

d) to believe

Task № 13

Choose the correct form!

They … to send a reply today.

a) to expect

b) expected

c) are expected

d) expect

Task № 14

Choose the correct form!

He … to have been a very good singer.

a) to think

b) is thought

c) thought

d) are thought

Task № 15

Choose the correct form!

This process … to make a new kind of plastic.

a) are used

b) is used

c) were used

d) using

Task № 16

Choose the correct form!

The members of the committee … to have come to an agreement.

a) to understand

b) understand

c) understood

d) are understood

Task № 17

Choose the correct form!

In 19th century the dark areas on Mars … to be seas.

a) to think

b) is thought

c) thought

d) were thought

Task № 18

Choose the correct form!

They … to agree to do it.

a) were heard

b) heard

c) to hear

d) hears

Task № 19

Choose the correct form!

The expedition … to have made a very important discovery.

a) to say

b) is said

c) said

d) to have said

Task № 20

Choose the correct form!

Who … to sign the letter?

a) suppose

b) supposing

c) to suppose

d) is supposed