Fill in the diagram with the missing information from the text.

 

 

Comprehension Check

1. Match the given titles with the corresponding paragraph. Watch out! There is an extra title.

1. Landing system.

2. New Idea.

3. Life support system.

4. Launch system.

5. Winged version.

6. Kliper structure.

7. Thermal protection system.

8. Aerodynamic features.

 

 

Fill in the gaps with the words from the box.

solid propellant engines               top        the thermal protection system                          movable rudders          the habitation module                 parachutes             emergency escape rocket

 

1. The Kliper would be launched on the _____ of Onega booster with no payload fairing but with the _________ attached to the nose section of the reentry capsule.

2. ______ contains docking system toilet and other life-support systems.

3. The aerodynamic body of the Kliper arranges two vertical and one horizontal ________ on its tail.

4. Some sections of _______ would not be reusable.

5. The Kliper will land with the help of three main uncontrolled _______ and several _________, which would be fired shortly before the touchdown.

 

Read the text again and decide if these statements are true or false. Correct the false ones.

1. The Kliper would be launched inside the payload fairing.

2. The emergency escape system would be capable of pulling the crew capsule away from the launch vehicle at the initial stage of launch.

3. The Kliper is intended for delivering two pilots and four passengers and cargo to the space station.

4. The service module will surround the habitation module.

5. The thermal protection system will be absolutely new.

6. Two vertical and one horizontal movable rudders provide gliding as far as 500km left and right from the ground track of its orbit.

7. The Kliper will land with the help of controllable parachutes and several liquid-propellant engines.

8. The winged version would enable the Kliper to increase range of its side maneuver from 500 to 2000km.

 

Make up a summary of the text.

 

Vocabulary Focus

 

Work in pairs. Give the definitions of the following words and expressions.

To attach, reentry (A); detachable, solar panel, autonomous (C); rudder (D); inflatable (F); runway, flight path (G).

Match the words and expressions from the text to the definitions.

1. solid-propellant engine                    a) this device provides safe splashdown

                                                                  in the water;

2. inflatable cushioning device            b) this compartment houses crew and

                                                               passengers of the spacecraft;

3. attitude-control system                  c) it provides electric power using

                                                               sunlight;

4. habitation module                          d) it uses solid propellant to provide

                                                               thrust;

5. solar panel                                     e) system controlling orientation of

                                                               a spacecraft on the orbit.

3. a) Match the words from A and B. Make as many combinations as possible. Translate them into Russian.

          A                                                        B

1. controlled                                   a) panel

2. payload                                       b) landing

3. space                                           c) vehicle

4. solar                                            d) module

5. habitation                                    e) escape

6. reentry                                         f) fairing

7. emergency                                   g) device

8. autonomous                                 h) station

9. launch                                          i) flight

10. inflatable                                      j) capsule

 

b) Make up some sentences with your word combinations.

Focus on Writing

Read the following words to form meaningful sentences.

1. A/the/capsule/behind/be/special/ module/ habitation/would/detachable/reentry/mounted.

2. Body/ the Kliper/one/of/aerodynamic/rudders/ and/features/two/ movable/vertical/horizontal.

3. Will/ and/service/attitude-control/contain/module/systems/maneuvering/orbital.

4. A/be/spacecraft/the Kliper/there/ winged/will/ version/of.

5. Module/ the/a/habitation/module/be/ service/by/will/surrounded.

Speaking

1. Imagine that you have to prepare a report for the Scientific and Technical Conference of Students. The topic of your report is “ Reusable Spacecraft”. You may need to read the texts “Space Shuttle Program” “Shuttle Buran” and “Kliper” again. The following expressions might be helpful:

· In my opinion ….

· I really think that ….

· I am sure …

· For example …

· In comparison with …

· Similarly

UNIT 8

The International Space Station

Preparing to Read

                   

1. Look at the picture and write down some facts that you know about the International Space Station. Compare them with your partner. Try to answer the following questions:

1. What purpose is the International Space Station intended for?

2. How is it constructed?

3. What difficulties are the designers of the International Space Station faced with?

Reading