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Some Hints for a Successful Presentation

2021-02-05

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Preparation

· Planning. Plan your presentation carefully. Thorough preparation will make you more confident and help you to overcome your nervousness.

· Objectives. Think about what you want to achieve. Are you aiming to inform, persuade, train or entertain your audience?

· Audience. Who exactly will you be addressing? How many people will be attending? What do they need to know? What do they already know? What will they expect in terms of content and approach?

· Content. Brainstorm your ideas first. Then decide which are most relevant and appropriate to your audience and to your objectives and carry out any research that is necessary. Be selective! Don't try to cram too much into your presentation.

· Approach. A good rule of thumb is to tell your audience what you're going to say, say it, then tell the audience what you've said. Try to develop your key points in an interesting and varied way, drawing on relevant examples, figures etc. for support as appropriate. You might also like to include one or two anecdotes for additional variety and humour.

· Organization. Think about how you will organize your content. Your presentation should have a clear, coherent structure and cover the points you wish to make in a logical order. Most presentations start with a brief introduction and end with a brief conclusion. Use the introduction to welcome your audience, introduce your topic/subject, outline the structure of your talk, and provide guidelines on questions. Use the conclusion to summarize the main points of your presentation, thank the audience for their attention, and invite questions.

If you have a lot of complex information to explain, think about using some charts, diagrams, graphs etc., on an overhead projector or flipchart. Visual aids can make a presentation more interesting and easier to understand, but make sure they are appropriate and clear - don't try to put too much information on each one.

· Rehearsal. Allow time to practice your presentation – this will give you a chance to identify any weak points or gaps. You will also be able to check the timing, and make sure you can pronounce any figures and proper names correctly and confidently.

2. Ознакомьтесь с информацией о видах деловых писем, правилах и особенностях их написания (Приложение 1). Письменно переведите деловое письмо и выполните задание к нему (Приложение 2).

3. Ознакомьтесь с информацией о правилах подготовки деловой презентации, особенностях выступления с публичной речью перед аудиторией (Приложение 3), а также с полезной лексикой, типовыми фразами для подготовки презентации (Приложение 4).

Составьте письменный текст презентации. Тематика презентации – описание компании, в которой работает студент, либо другой известной компании. Образец текста презентации о компании представлен в Приложении 5.

4. Ознакомьтесь с информацией о правилах написания резюме, его структуре и особенностях оформления (Приложение 6). Подготовьте в письменном виде резюме на английском языке для устройства на работу. Образец резюме представлен в Приложении 7. Резюме оформляется в печатном виде на листе A4.

Вариант 14.

1.Выполните работу с текстом.

а). Прочитайте и письменно переведите текст.

б). Составьте словарик к тексту.

в). Сформулируйте основное содержание текста в нескольких предложениях.

Business Presentations

Business is all about selling – a product, topic or concept. When making a business presentation, the most important thing is to know your material. If you do not know everything about what you are selling, it is not likely that the audience will be buying.

It is expected today that you will use PowerPoint in business presentations. It can be used to add visuals to the message and is an easy way to create a leave-behind handout or e-mail the presentation to others later. But too often business presenters aren’t as effective as they could be when delivering a PowerPoint presentation. Here are some tips for making your next PowerPoint business presentation more effective.

The success of your presentation is mostly determined before you ever get up to speak. Plan your presentation on paper before they sit down at the computer. Start by defining the goal of the presentation – what you want the audience to do, feel, understand or act on when you are done. Once you have the starting point and destination, you can decide where visuals will add to your message and what those visuals should be.

Decide on a simple standard look for your slides so that the audience has visual consistency throughout the presentation. Select background, text colors and fontsso that the text will be easy to read.

Seasoned presenters use key phrases and include only essential information. Choose only the top three or four points about your topic and make them consistently throughout the delivery. Simplify and limit the number of words on each screen. Make your slides easy to follow. Put the title at the top of the slide where your audience expects to find it. Keep important information near the top of the slide. Often the bottom portions of slides cannot be seen from the back rows.

Audiences don’t want you to read slides full of text to them – surveys show it is the most annoying thing presenters can do. So use visuals instead of paragraphs of text. Use graphs to illustrate numeric data. Use diagrams to show processes or flows of information or goods. Use pictures to show a person, place or object.

Creating your presentation at the last minute is not a good idea because it does not allow you to practice and rehearse. Practice is when you sit with your presentation and mentally review what you are going to say and how you want the flow to work. Practice is not enough, although many presenters think it is sufficient. You must also rehearse your presentation by standing and delivering it as if it was for real. This is the only way to check your words, your visuals and whether the message is as clear as you want it to be. It is also the only way to truly check your timing to make sure you don’t run over the allotted time.

Вариант 15.

1.Выполните работу с текстом.

а). Прочитайте и письменно переведите текст.

б). Составьте словарик к тексту.

в). Сформулируйте основное содержание текста в нескольких предложениях.

Job hunting

Looking for a position that is well suited to your own personal interests and talents is a time-consuming process that requires much thought and research. A job search can feel more like a marathon than a sprint, and the best way to approach it is to have a clearly defined plan.

Self-assessment needs to be the first step you take in looking for a job. It is important to know what kind of person you are and which work environments are most suited to your own unique combination of skills, goals and areas of interest.

There are many sources available for finding a job. Published openings might be found in the newspaper, on-line, in company job posting lists. In today’s fast-paced world, Internet is an excellent place to find employment information.

Some openings are not advertised to the general public. They can be communicated by word of mouth or through networking. These can often be the best jobs. Connect with everyone you know, because you never know which contact may be able to help you with your job search or put you in touch with someone who can.

There are numerous employment agencies. However, it is important to remember that it is not their aim to help you figure out what it is you want to do. To get the largest benefit of working with a recruiting firm, you must go to them with a clear picture of the type of position you are looking for.

It's important to take the time to write targeted resumes and cover letters that specifically link your qualifications to the hiring criteria for the jobs you are applying for. The hiring manager will be able to see, at a glance, why, and how, you are qualified for the job. You'll have a much better chance of getting an interview than if you send a generic letter and resume.

A resume is a key marketing tool that will help you land an interview. If written well, a resume should generate enough interest to make an employer want to meet you. Make sure you highlight your most relevant experience to the job you are applying for and tailor it each time you apply to a different company. You can post your CV online and help employers find you.

Once you’ve got a date and time confirmed you can research the company in more depth and start preparing for an interview.

Вариант 16.

1.Выполните работу с текстом.

а). Прочитайте и письменно переведите текст.

б). Составьте словарик к тексту.

в). Сформулируйте основное содержание текста в нескольких предложениях.

How to Write a Resume

A resume - sometimes called a 'Curriculum Vitae' or 'CV' - is a summary of your skills, education and work experience. A good resume demonstrates how your skills and abilities match up with the requirements of a job.

Resumes give you the opportunity to sell yourself to a potential employer. A resume is not an exhaustive list - if it's too long it probably won't get read at all. The best resumes are usually no longer than one or two pages.

You should change your resume with every job application so that it lists the skills and experiences you have that are most relevant to the job you're applying for. A tailored resume will be much more successful than a generic one, even though it means more preparation.

The structure of your resume will vary depending on your work experience and education and training background.

A resume usually sets out information in a reverse order. Your most recent work experience and study details should be first on the list.

Here's a brief rundown on the essential things to include on your resume.

Personal details. Full name and contact details including address, telephone number(s) and email address.

Education and training. A summary of your education and training history, starting with your most recent studies, making sure you include all training that's relevant to the job you're applying for.

Employment history. Start with your most recent work history and work backwards chronologically, listing the name of the employer, your job title, the dates you worked there, and your responsibilities, tasks and achievements. Make sure you include everything that's relevant to the job.

Skills and abilities. A list of the things you're good at. These can be general skills or skills specific to a particular job. List them under broad headings such as "Communication" and "Teamwork".

Career objective (optional). Tell the employer what type of job you want end up with; this shows that you've given thought to your future career.

Interests (optional). A list of your hobbies and interests; this gives employers more information about you and also shows other areas of your life where you've gained experiences such as teamwork and commitment.

Referees. List people who can talk about how good a worker you are. Make sure you get their permission before including them on your resume. List their name, company name occupation, and contact details.

Вариант 17.

1.Выполните работу с текстом.

а). Прочитайте и письменно переведите текст.

б). Составьте словарик к тексту.

в). Сформулируйте основное содержание текста в нескольких предложениях.

Types of Résumés

Depending on your work experience, the job you’re applying for, or your personal preference, you may want to use a particular type of résumé. Here are three types of résumés to choose from.

A functional résumé focuses on your skills. If you haven’t had a lot of work experience, a functional résumé that focuses on your skills is a good way to market yourself to potential employers.

Instead of focusing on your previous work experience, a skills-focused résumé highlights the transferable skills you gained from previous jobs, activities, experiences, or volunteer work.

It’s most commonly used when you’ve had a large gap in your employment history, or if you have never worked before.

A chronological résumé focuses on your experience. Focusing on your work history is one of the more popular ways to structure a résumé. It shows employers all your work experience, focusing on positions you’ve held and your past responsibilities and accomplishments.

The chronological résumé is organized with your most recent information first. The goal is to give a comprehensive work history, organized by each job you’ve held. You give your position title, place of employment, how long you worked there, and a breakdown of your responsibilities or accomplishments.

This is a great multi-purpose résumé that works for most job applications, including retail.

A hybrid résumé is a combination of the two. A hybrid résumé is also known as a combination résumé. It combines the elements of a functional and chronological résumé to create a résumé that focuses heavily on skills, but also includes dates, titles of previous jobs, along with essential information about the position.

This is a good résumé to use when you want to prioritize your skills but also demonstrate how your career has evolved.

A targeted resume is a resume that is customized so that it specifically highlights the experience and skills you have that are relevant to the job you are applying for. It definitely takes more work to write a targeted resume than to just click to apply with your existing resume. However, it's well worth the effort, especially when applying for jobs that are a perfect match for your qualifications and experience.

Вариант 18.

1.Выполните работу с текстом.

а). Прочитайте и письменно переведите текст.

б). Составьте словарик к тексту.

в). Сформулируйте основное содержание текста в нескольких предложениях.

Get Ready to Interview

Once you’ve got a date and time confirmed for an interview you can research the company in more depth and make a plan for the actual day – including what you’re taking with you and what you are going to wear.

Carefully read the job description, focusing on the responsibilities and requirements. Be prepared to explain, with tangible examples, how you fit the requirements and how you can fulfill the responsibilities.

Research the company, including their mission statement and any recent or notable achievements, or changes in strategy or positioning.

Practice answering interview questions specific to your desired position and industry.

You may have several rounds of interviews, usually starting with a phone interview, then followed by in-person interviews.

Employers use phone interviews to identify and recruit candidates for employment. Phone interviews are often used to narrow the pool of applicants who will be invited for in-person interviews. For remote jobs, interviewing by phone, Skype or video may be how you get hired.

For a phone interview, set aside at least 45 minutes of quiet, uninterrupted time. Have your resume and cover letter printed or open on your computer for reference. Be sure to take the call somewhere with excellent cell service. If you have one, a landline is preferable for optimal audio quality.

The first in-person job interview is typically a one-on-one interview between the applicant and a hiring manager. The interviewer will ask questions about the applicant's experience and skills, work history, availability, and the qualifications the company is seeking in the optimal candidate for the job.

For an in-person interview, arrive 10 minutes early with a printed cover letter and resume. Be sure to dress to impress, and express polite and professional enthusiasm about the position and the company.

A second interview can be a more in-depth interview with management, staff members, executives, and other company employees. Once you're scheduled for a second interview, you're most likely in serious contention for the job.

When you have made it through the interview process, the final step will be a job offer. Be sure to consider practical factors, such as the salary, benefits, vacation time, corporate culture, your commute, and the attitude and personalities of the people you would be working with.

Вариант 19.

1.Выполните работу с текстом.

а). Прочитайте и письменно переведите текст.

б). Составьте словарик к тексту.

в). Сформулируйте основное содержание текста в нескольких предложениях.

Interview Questions

Although there is no set format that every job interview will follow, there are some questions that you can almost guarantee will crop up. Here’s a list of the most common questions and a guide to the kind of answers your interviewer wants to hear.

Tell me about yourself.

This is usually the opening question and, as first impressions are key, one of the most important. Keep your answer to under five minutes, beginning with an overview of your highest qualification then running through the jobs you’ve held so far in your career. You can follow the same structure of your CV, giving examples of achievements and the skills you’ve picked up along the way. Don’t go into too much detail – your interviewer will probably take notes and ask for you to expand on any areas where they’d like more information. If you’re interviewing for your first job since leaving education, focus on the areas of your studies you most enjoyed and how that has led to you wanting this particular role.

What are your strengths?

Pick the three biggest attributes that you think will get you the job and give examples of how you have used these strengths in a work situation. They could be tangible skills, such as proficiency in a particular computer language, or intangible skills such as good man-management. If you’re not sure where to start, take a look at the job description. There is usually a section listing candidate requirements, which should give you an idea of what they are looking for.

What are your weaknesses?

The dreaded question, which is best handled by picking something that you have made positive steps to redress. For example, if your IT ability is not at the level it could be, state it as a weakness but tell the interviewer about training courses or time spent outside work hours you have used to improve your skills. Your initiative could actually be perceived as a strength. On no accounts say “I don’t have any weaknesses”, your interviewer won’t believe you, or “I have a tendency to work too hard”, which is seen as avoiding the question.

Why should we hire you?

What can you do for us that other candidates can't? - What makes you special and where do your major strengths lie? You should be able to find out what they are looking for from the job description. “I have a unique combination of strong technical skills and the ability to build long-term customer relationships” is a good opening sentence, which can then lead onto a more specific example of something you have done so far in your career. State your biggest achievement and the benefit it made to the business, then finish with “Given the opportunity, I could bring this success to your company.”

Вариант 20.

1.Выполните работу с текстом.

а). Прочитайте и письменно переведите текст.

б). Составьте словарик к тексту.

в). Сформулируйте основное содержание текста в нескольких предложениях.

Departments in a company

There is a difference between the departments a new business needs and the departments it can afford, at least during the start-up phase. A typical business should only have the number of departments it can support financially.

Almost every business needs an accounting department and an administrative department to handle paperwork and the legal matters surrounding the business' formation. However, other departments such as R&D (research and development) or public relations may be considered unnecessary or optional.

The evolution of departments in a business closely parallels the evolution of the business itself. As a business grows, the number of departments often grows along with it. Such departments as production, sales, accounting and administration would be immediately beneficial to a new business. If company owners decide to hire staff to handle these departments, then a need for a human resources department may arise. A human resources department would oversee the hiring, retention and performance of future employees.

Meanwhile, the sales department of a growing company often branches into several different departments, such as inside sales, outside sales or retail sales. Promotion of the company may involve creating advertising and public relations departments. The original production department could expand into different departments to become more efficient. A shipping and receiving department would keep track of inventory or deliveries, while a quality control department could insure that the quality of products remains high.

There is no definitive answer concerning the total number of departments any business needs to be considered viable. Every new addition to a business brings with it some benefits and some liabilities. A new advertising department may create significant name recognition for the business, but the salaries of skilled artists and copywriters could be significant as well. As long as the existing departments can handle the company's needs, a growing business should be careful not to expand too quickly.

Вариант 21.

1.Выполните работу с текстом.

а). Прочитайте и письменно переведите текст.

б). Составьте словарик к тексту.

в). Сформулируйте основное содержание текста в нескольких предложениях.

Starting a business

Here are some steps that are required to start a business successfully.

Do market research. Most likely you have already identified a business idea. As you explore the market, some of the questions you should answer include: Is there a need for your anticipated products/services? Who needs it? Are there other companies offering similar products/services now? What is the competition like? How will your business fit into the market?

There are a number of ways you can answer these questions, including research, focus groups, and even trial and error.

Starting a small business involves some initial investment as well as the ability to cover ongoing expenses before you are making a profit.

If you intend to seek financial support from an investor or financial institution, a traditional business plan is a must.

Put together a spreadsheet that estimates the one-time startup costs for your business (licenses and permits, equipment, legal fees, insurance, branding, market research, inventory, etc.), as well as what you anticipate you will need to keep your business running for at least 12 months (rent, utilities, marketing and advertising, production, supplies, travel expenses, employee salaries, your own salary, etc.). Those numbers combined is the initial investment you will need.

Choose a business structure. Your small business can be a sole proprietorship, a partnership, a limited liability company (LLC) or a corporation. Paperwork is a part of the process when you start your own business. There are a variety of small business licenses and permits that may apply to your situation, depending on the type of business you are starting and where you are located.

You will need to think about your location, equipment, and overall setup, and make sure your business location works for the type of business you will be doing. You will also need to consider if it makes more sense to buy or lease your commercial space.

If you will be hiring employees, make sure you take the time to outline the positions you need to fill, and the job responsibilities that are part of each position.

Once your business is up and running, you need to start attracting clients and customers. Create a marketing plan to promote your business most effectively.

Вариант 22.

1.Выполните работу с текстом.

а). Прочитайте и письменно переведите текст.

б). Составьте словарик к тексту.

в). Сформулируйте основное содержание текста в нескольких предложениях.

Writing a business plan

A business plan is an easy way to communicate the business idea to the prospective audience. If you need to raise funds, attract investors for your venture, you should write a business plan. They want to be sure that you have a sound business idea, an effective marketing strategy, that you understand the market and have a chance of making a good profit

The business plan should tell a story about your business, explaining who, what, when, where, how and why. It should be concise, but complete, professional, enthusiastic and convincing. It usually contains the following sections.

Market analysis is an examination of the primary target market for your product or service, including geographic location, demographics, your target market's needs and how these needs are being met currently.

Competitive Analysis as an investigation of your direct and indirect competitors, with an assessment of their competitive advantages and an analysis of how you will overcome any entry barriers to your chosen market. In this section of the business plan, you need to distinguish your business from the competition, persuading the reader(s) of your plan that your business will be able to compete successfully.

Marketing Plan is a detailed explanation of your sales strategy, pricing plan, proposed advertising and promotion activities, and product or service's benefits. This is where you present the reader with your new business's Unique Selling Proposition (USP), describe how you're going to get your goods and/or services to market and how you're going to persuade people to buy them.

Management Plan is an outline of your business's legal structure and management resources, including your internal management team, external management resources, and human resources needs.

Operating Plan is a description of your business's physical location, facilities and equipment, kinds of employees needed, inventory requirements and suppliers, and any other applicable operating details, such as a description of the manufacturing process.

Financial Plan is a description of your funding requirements, your detailed financial statements, and a financial statement analysis.

Вариант 23.

1.Выполните работу с текстом.

а). Прочитайте и письменно переведите текст.

б). Составьте словарик к тексту.

в). Сформулируйте основное содержание текста в нескольких предложениях.

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