Практическая работа 5. Чтение текста «Этон – частная школа Великобритании» с полным пониманием прочитанного.

Практическая работа 5. Чтение текста «Этон – частная школа Великобритании» с полным пониманием прочитанного.

Задание. Прочитайте и переведите текст на русский язык.

The Eton Public school in Great Britain

Eton is one of the oldest public schools in Great Britain. It is a single-sex school. Today it is a secondary school for approximately 1,280 boys between the ages of 13 and 18, all of whom are boarders.

Boys live in Houses. There are about fifty boys in each House. Every House has its House Master. For academic purposes, the School is divided into five Blocks, from F to B. Boys normally spend one year in each block, moving up in September. On arrival in the School, a boy is assigned a Tutor by his House Master. The Tutor’s principal function is to assist House Masters in monitoring academic performance; he also fosters his pupils’ personal, cultural, and social development. His pupils come to him in small groups once a week for a Tutorial, in which they follow a programme of Study Skills, Personal-Social-Health Education (PSHE — designed to raise a boy’s awareness of moral, social, and health issues), and topics chosen by the Tutor. When the boy becomes a Specialist, i.e. when he enters С and embarks on А-level work, he chooses a new Tutor. This will normally be a Master who teaches what is likely to be the boy’s principal А-level subject. There are thirty-seven scheduled schools (i.e. lessons) a week in which formal teaching takes place, but almost all boys have one or more reading schools (i.e. free periods). Boys are taught in divisions (i.e. sets or forms) normally containing about ten or twelve boys of broadly similar ability in the case of Specialists and about twenty in the case of Non-Specialists. In each block, a programme of regular out-of-school work is laid down.

There are a lot of facilities in Eton. Computing (along with Design and Technology, Music, Drama, and Art) forms a compulsory part of the syllabus during the first year and is an optional subject thereafter. In the Design Centre there are facilities for woodwork, metalwork, silverwork and electronics. A huge number of boys have music lessons, and there are numerous bands, orchestras, and small groups. Most departments have a building of their own where the boys are taught.

Практическая работа 6. Работа с текстом «Образование в США». Выполнение лексических упражнений.

Задание. Прочитайте и переведите текст на русский язык. Выполните задания письменно

Education in the United States

There is no federal educational standard in the USA. Schooling and educational programmes are the responsibility of each state; this is why one can find great differences in education from state to state. No uniform demands exist on education in schools or universities throughout the nation. In most states attending school is obligatory for children between six and seventeen. Secondary education institutions include elementary schools and high schools.

Higher education in the USA is not nation-wide. Colleges differ a lot from each other in scale and level of education as well as in the “quality” of diplomas given. There are private and state universities.

Private education is considered more prestigious. The most famous private university is Harvard. Higher education is rather expensive in the USA.

A typical American university has two levels of education: two years of undergraduate classes and two more years of graduate classes. The undergraduate years are called the freshman and the sophomore year.

During the first and the second year the students take subjects of general education: Science, Humanities, Arts. The specialization begins at the third and the fourth years, named the junior and the senior year respectively. After the fourth year at college, students get a Bachelor’s degree. Graduates may specialize further and do research. They get a Master’s Degree.

EXERCISES

1. Give the English equivalents of the following words and word combinations:

федеральный стандарт образования; учебные и образовательные программы; универсальные требования; начальная школа; средняя школа; считается более престижным; самый известный; довольно дорогое; первый курс; второй курс; третий курс; четвертый курс; общеобразовательные предметы; специализация; степень бакалавра; степень магистра

2. Agree or disagree:

1. The system of education in the USA works according to the national standard.

2. Admission to elementary and high schools is free.

3. State universities are more prestigious than private ones.

4. The course in a typical American university lasts five or six years.

5. Sophomore is the second year in a university.

6. The specialization begins at the first year of studies in a university.

Тема 2. Здоровье и спорт

Выпишите и выучите слова.

T e x t

Sports

Stepan decided to have his birthday party at a new bowling club, and he invited Vlad and some other guys to come. Vlad has never played bowling and so he wants to ask his father about the rules of the game.

Vlad:Dad, have you ever been to the new bowling club that was opened in our city not long ago?

Father: Yes, of course, I have been there several times, and I must say that I enjoyed the quiet and friendly atmosphere there.

Vlad: So you say you like it, don’t you?

Father: I do. And why?

Vlad: Stepan has invited us to join him there for his birthday party.

Father: It is a very nice idea to have a birthday party in a place like that, isn’t it?

Vlad: But I am a little confused. I have never played bowling in my life. Frankly speaking, I have a very vague impression of what it is and how it is played.

Father: Ah, it is rather simple. You will understand everything after a couple of minutes watching the other people play.

Vlad: Could you give me some hints? I don’t want to look stupid.

Father: Well, certainly. Bowling is quite an old game. In fact, it is rather entertainment than sport. Everybody despite of the age and physical fitness can play it. Players roll balls along a runway called a lane, attempting to knock down ten pins.

Vlad: What is a runway?

Father: Well, it is a long path on which the balls are rolled. At the end of the path there are the pins, they form a triangle.The balls are rather heavy; you will choose the ball for yourself. Choosing a bowling ball is the first step toward successful bowling. You should select a ball that is easy to J handle. It should not be too heavy or light, and should feel comfortable and natural in the hand. Now to the game itself.

Vlad: As far as I understand, the task is to knock down the ten pins. Is it difficult?

Father: Rather, I must say. Each game has ten frames. At the beginning of each frame the player tries to hit all the ten pins. If one manages to do it, it is called “strike”, and it is very good. If one doesn’t, there is the second attempt. If all the pins are down after the second strike, it is called “spare”.

Vlad: And what if some pins are left?

Father: Then the frame is called “open” and the player gets only the amount of points equal to the amount of pins that fell.

Vlad: So, if I hit only one pin, I will have only one point.

Father: In this frame, yes.

Vlad: And if I have a “spare”?

Father: Then you will get ten points plus the amount of points that you get during the first strike in the next frame.

Vlad: For example, if I get a “spare” and knock down 3 pins in the next frame, I’ll get 13?

Father: Right. And if you have “strike”, you’ll get ten points plus the sum of two strikes in the next frame. The maximum possible score in a strike frame, therefore, is 30: the strike followed by two more strikes on subsequent throws (10 + 10 + 10 = 30).

Vlad: I must remember this.

Father: You needn’t. There is a computer calculating it for you. It keeps the records of the bowlers’ names, the frame, the number of pins knocked down with each ball, and the final score.

Vlad: Then can you give me any hints on how I must throw the ball?

Father: There are two holes in the ball so you will see how to throw it the best way. Bowling is the sport based on timing and coordination, so it is very difficult to explain how you should behave when playing. The only advice I’d give you is to relax and to watch other people playing.

Vlad: This makes sense. Thanks a lot, Dad, now I think I’ll feel more comfortable when playing.

Father: Have a nice time at the club tonight.

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Практическая работа 5. Чтение текста «Этон – частная школа Великобритании» с полным пониманием прочитанного.

Задание. Прочитайте и переведите текст на русский язык.