Find in the text and read the information about

Практическая работа 1. Введение лексики по теме «Образование». Чтение и перевод текста «Образование в России»

Задание. Прочитайте и переведите текст на русский язык

Education in Russia

Children start school at the age of six in Russia. The course of studies at school is eleven years now: four years of primary school and seven years of secondary school. Previously it was only ten years: three years of primary school and seven years of secondary school. Children under the age of six are taken to creches and nursery schools.

There is a wide choice of schools nowadays: state schools, private schools, lyceums and gymnasiums. The majority of schools is free of charge, but in some (usually private ones) parents have to pay for the education of their children. In ordinary schools parents sometimes pay for additional subjects in the curriculum, such as a foreign language or arts. Though it is generally not a demand, most children can already read and write when they start their school: this makes education much easier for them.

In primary school there are three or four lessons a day, they usually are Reading, Writing and Arithmetic. A lesson lasts forty minutes. During the first term children get used to learning and adapt to school regulations. Beginning with the second term of the first year at school, children also take Handicrafts, Drawing, Music and Physical Education. The list of subjects under study is further extended during the second, third and fourth years and includes the World History of Arts, Fundamentals of Security, History, Geography, and others. At primary schools all lessons are usually conducted by one teacher.

At the age of ten children pass to the second stage of education, known as secondary school. In secondary school there is a wide variety of subjects under study, and teachers specialize. The transition from primary to secondary school is sometimes difficult for children. After finishing the ninth form and getting the Certificate of Basic Secondary Education, schoolchildren may either continue their education in the tenth form, or leave school and go to technical (vocational) schools and colleges.

After eleven years at school the school leavers take examinations and get the Certificate of Complete Secondary Education. Those who have only excellent marks in the Certificate get a gold medal, which gives the right to enter higher school taking only one examination. The admission to higher school is competitive and based on the system of entrance examinations, usually three or four. During the examinations the school leavers must show their abilities in the chosen field. Young people also have an option to get specialized secondary education in vocational schools after leaving the eleventh form.

Among higher educational establishments are institutes (colleges), academies and universities. The term of studying in higher school is from four to six years. Students can be involved in scientific research while studying. At the end of their final year at college, university or academy they take final examinations and get a diploma. Besides, they can take postgraduate courses in the chosen field.

 

Практическая работа 2. Работа с текстом «Образование в России». Выполнение лексических упражнений. Грамматика: Разряды существительных.

1. Give the Russian equivalents of the following words and word combinations:

the course of studies; primary school; secondary school; previously; creche; lyceum; gymnasium; free of charge; curriculum; demand; to adapt; to extend; to conduct; transition; vocational school; higher school; competitive; ability; to be involved in; postgraduate courses

2. Give the English equivalents of the following:

детский сад; большой выбор; государственная школа; большинство школ; дополнительные предметы; первая четверть; школьные правила; включать; изучаемые предметы; выпускники; академия; выпускные экзамены

Make up ten questions on the text.

Translate into English.

В России в настоящее время существует несколько типов школ, как государственных, так и частных. Родители могут по своему усмотрению отдать детей в гимназию, лицей или частную школу. Иногда при поступлении в такие учебные заведения дети проходят тестирование или сдают экзамен. Стандарт образования — общий для всех школ, однако школы могут сами выбирать методы работы и учебники. Как правило, до школы дети ходят в ясли и детские сады, где приобретают навыки работы в коллективе, что делает учебу в школе легче.

 

EXERCISES

1. Give the Russian equivalents of the following words and word combinations:

Local Educational Authorities; primary school; comprehensive school; secondary school; Art; English Literature; Information Technology; General Certificate of Secondary Education examinations; A-level; О-Level; state education; private education; public schools; boarding

schools; mixed

2. Give the English equivalents of the following words and word combinations:

обязательный; до пяти лет; или... или; детский сад; лепить; учебный план; директор; больше похоже на...; школьная форма; иностранные языки; продолжать обучение; подготовительный класс колледжа; бесплатный; каникулы

3. Answer the following questions:

1. From what age is education in the United Kingdom compulsory?

2. What are the establishments for pre-primary education?

3. What is the difference between nursery schools and playgroups?

4. How many state schools are there in Great Britain?

5. What does the LEA do?

6. At what age do children go to primary schools?

7. What subjects do children take in secondary schools?

8. What kind of exam do the pupils take at the age of sixteen?

9. When do the pupils take GCSE A-level?

10. Are there any entrance exams in British universities?

 

Make the nouns plural.

a tooth, a man, a foot, a woman, a postman, a child

The Possessive Case

But

The leg of the table

The page of the book

Практическая работа 1. Введение лексики по теме «Образование». Чтение и перевод текста «Образование в России»

Задание. Прочитайте и переведите текст на русский язык

Education in Russia

Children start school at the age of six in Russia. The course of studies at school is eleven years now: four years of primary school and seven years of secondary school. Previously it was only ten years: three years of primary school and seven years of secondary school. Children under the age of six are taken to creches and nursery schools.

There is a wide choice of schools nowadays: state schools, private schools, lyceums and gymnasiums. The majority of schools is free of charge, but in some (usually private ones) parents have to pay for the education of their children. In ordinary schools parents sometimes pay for additional subjects in the curriculum, such as a foreign language or arts. Though it is generally not a demand, most children can already read and write when they start their school: this makes education much easier for them.

In primary school there are three or four lessons a day, they usually are Reading, Writing and Arithmetic. A lesson lasts forty minutes. During the first term children get used to learning and adapt to school regulations. Beginning with the second term of the first year at school, children also take Handicrafts, Drawing, Music and Physical Education. The list of subjects under study is further extended during the second, third and fourth years and includes the World History of Arts, Fundamentals of Security, History, Geography, and others. At primary schools all lessons are usually conducted by one teacher.

At the age of ten children pass to the second stage of education, known as secondary school. In secondary school there is a wide variety of subjects under study, and teachers specialize. The transition from primary to secondary school is sometimes difficult for children. After finishing the ninth form and getting the Certificate of Basic Secondary Education, schoolchildren may either continue their education in the tenth form, or leave school and go to technical (vocational) schools and colleges.

After eleven years at school the school leavers take examinations and get the Certificate of Complete Secondary Education. Those who have only excellent marks in the Certificate get a gold medal, which gives the right to enter higher school taking only one examination. The admission to higher school is competitive and based on the system of entrance examinations, usually three or four. During the examinations the school leavers must show their abilities in the chosen field. Young people also have an option to get specialized secondary education in vocational schools after leaving the eleventh form.

Among higher educational establishments are institutes (colleges), academies and universities. The term of studying in higher school is from four to six years. Students can be involved in scientific research while studying. At the end of their final year at college, university or academy they take final examinations and get a diploma. Besides, they can take postgraduate courses in the chosen field.

 

Практическая работа 2. Работа с текстом «Образование в России». Выполнение лексических упражнений. Грамматика: Разряды существительных.

1. Give the Russian equivalents of the following words and word combinations:

the course of studies; primary school; secondary school; previously; creche; lyceum; gymnasium; free of charge; curriculum; demand; to adapt; to extend; to conduct; transition; vocational school; higher school; competitive; ability; to be involved in; postgraduate courses

2. Give the English equivalents of the following:

детский сад; большой выбор; государственная школа; большинство школ; дополнительные предметы; первая четверть; школьные правила; включать; изучаемые предметы; выпускники; академия; выпускные экзамены

Find in the text and read the information about

• the course of studies in Russian schools;

• pre-primary educational establishments;

• types of schools existing in Russia;

• lessons in primary school;

• secondary education;

• school-leaving examinations;

• the admission to higher school;

• higher educational establishments.