Тест № 2 . Выполните тест письменно.

1) The United States of America is one of the largest countries in the world. It is also one of the most important English-speaking countries. With the population over … million people, the country has a great number of famous and outstanding people.

a) 300

b) 500

2) As for the musicians, the USA can be proud by such voices as Tina Turner, …, and others.

a) Madonna, Bruce Springsteen,

b) Christmas

3) There Ernest Hemingway, the second child of the local doctor was born on July 21 in ….

a) 1899

b) 2020

4) OHenrys real name was William Sydney Porter. He was born in Greensboro, a little town in North Carolina in ….

a) 1862

b) 2022

5) Mark Twain is a famous American writer and a journalist. His real name was Samuel Clemens. He was born in … in Florida. Mark Twain started his literary career rather late.

a) 1835

b) 2000

 

 

Урок № 31

Тема урока «Австралия»

Задание 3. Прочитайте тексты, выучите новые слова и выражения к текстам.

Слова к текстам:
to lie — находиться
to be situated — быть расположенным
mainland — материк
Latin — латинский
Commonwealth of Australia — Австралийский Союз
federation — федерация
state — штат
territory — территория
capital — столица
government — правительство
tie — связь
Commonwealth of Nations — Британское Содружество наций
income — доход
standard of living — уровень жизни

Australia-1

       Australia is the only country in the world that is also a continent. It is the sixth largest country and the smallest continent. It lies between the South Pacific Ocean and the Indian Ocean. The name of the country comes from Latin word "australis" which means "southern". The country's official name is Commonwealth of Australia.

       The Commonwealth of Australia is a federation of states. Australia has six states — New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria and Western Australia. Each state has its government.

       About 23 million people live in Australia nowadays. The natives of the country are called Aborigines. Now they occupy a very small part of the country’s population due to the former extrusion of the native people in the past.

       The capital of Australia is Canberra. All the government buildings are situated there.
The capital is also the home of many cultural institutions, such as Australian National University, National Gallery, National Museum, Royal Military College, Australian Institute of Sport and many others.

       The largest and the most visited city in Australia is Sydney. With the population of more than 4.6 million people. There is a great number of attractions in Sydney. The most well–known ones are Sydney Opera House, Sydney Harbour Bridge, St. Mary's Catholic Cathedral and others.

       The country has some unique species of animals, which can’t be found anywhere else. Among them, koalas, kangaroos, wallabies, flightless emus, wombats and many others. So, the Australian Zoos can be another place of interest for tourists.

The Climate of Australia

       Australian seasons are the antithesis of those in Europe and North America (because Australia is south of the Equator): summer starts in December (ends in February), autumn in March (ends in May), winter in June (ends in August) and spring in September (ends in November).

       Seasonal variations are not extreme and its rare for temperatures to drop below zero on the mainland except in the mountains.

       The country occupies the whole continent, so the climate is different in different regions of the country.

       Darwin, in the far north, is in the monsoon belt, where there are just two seasons: hot and wet, and hot and dry.

       The southern states are popular during the summer months, but the best time to visit is probably the seasons of spring or autumn when the weather in the south is mild. Spring in the outback can be spectacular if rains encourage wildflowers.
Average annual temperatures vary from about 27 °C in the north of the continent to 13 °C in the south. Floods and cyclones are rather common along the coast of the continent.

       Summer (December-February) can get uncomfortably hot just about anywhere, except Tasmania. If you're in the southern states during these months its great beach weather. Up north, this is the wet season, when it's very, very humid and when the sea abounds with box jellyfish.

       From June until August things have cooled down a little and dried up a lot up north. This is a good time to visit Queensland or the outback. If you're here for the skiing, now's the time to head for the snowfields of Victoria and New South Wales. Overall, spring and autumn are probably the safest bets — the weather is reasonably mild wherever you are, and spring brings out the wild-flowers in the outback, while autumn is particularly beautiful in Canberra and in the Victorian Alps.

       Between the arid interior and the well-watered coasts lies a wide belt with average annual precipitation of about 760 mm.

Australia-2

Geographical position

       Australia is the smallest continent between the Indian and Pacific oceans. With the island state of Tasmania to the south, the contitent makes up the Commonwealth of Australia, a federal parliamentary state the total area is 7 686 810 sq.km. Australia’s capital is Canberra. Its largest city is Sydney, closely followed in population by Melbourne. There are five continental states in the nation (Queensland, New South Wales, Victoria, South Australia and Western Australia). The population of Australia is about 15 million people. There are only 40 000 aborigines. The first Europians settled in 1788. There are more about 200 nationalities in Australia.

Wild animals

       Kangaroos live in Australia, Tasmania, New Guinea and New Zealand. Their strong legs and feet help them to hop and leap. Kangaroos usually have one young baby. The native birds of Australia are very interesting. The emu is the next tallest bird in the world after the ostrich.

Sydney

       Sydney is Australia’s largest city, chief port and main cultural and industrial center. Its main exports are wool, wheat, flour, sheepskins and meat, the chief imports are petroleum, coal, timber and sugar. The city was founded in 1788 as the first penal settlement of Australia. Its name was taken from a cave named for Captain Cook’s patron Viscount Sydney. Among its museums are the National Gallery of Art and the Australian Museum (natural history). The dramatic, modernistic Sydney Opera House complex was largely designed by Joem Wizen.