Перепишите и переведите предложения на русский язык. Поставьте предложения в отрицательную и вопросительную формы.

1. I speak English. 2. We work in the laboratory. 3. They know German. 4. They often speak about their experiments. 5. We like to go to the country. 6. We have a lot of laboratory assistants at our plant. 7. They seldom stay at home at the weekend. 8. I always call my friends. 9. I spend my holiday in the village. 10. We often go to the industrial exhibitions. 11. They like to go to museums. 12. You swim well. 13. He works at the factory. 14. She learns French. 15. It often rains here. 16. It seldom snows in April. 17. He likes foreign cars. 18. The scientists of our plant do researches in the field of mathematics. 19. The Professors of Moscow University publish interesting articles in scientific journals. 20. She likes to translate sentences from English into Russiаn.

4. Переведите предложения на английский язык.

1. Я работаю на заводе. 2. Наш завод производит оборудование для химических лабораторий. 3. Он проводит много времени в лаборатории? 4. Секретарь нашего директора не знает английский. 5. Наши инженеры всегда принимают участие в обсуждении. 6. Моим сыновьям нравится читать статьи в научных газетах и журналах. 7. Я не часто остаюсь в лаборатории после работы. 8. Эта работа требует больших усилий у студентов. 9. Когда у неё бывают занятия? – Утром. 10. Сын нашего технолога учится в колледже.

Переведите на русский язык следующие неправильные глаголы, поставьте их в форму Past Simple и Participle II.

to be, to become, to begin, to buy, to come, to do, to get, to give, to go, to have, to say, to see, to sell, to send, to speak, to tell, to hear, to put, to know, to run

Переведите текст.

JAMES CLARK MAXWELL

(1831-1879)

James Clark Maxwell, the great physicist and mathematician, was born in Edinburgh, on November 13, 1831.

After school he entered the University of that city. Then he attended the University of Cambridge and graduated from it in 1854. When at the University Maxwell took great interest in mathematics and optics.

For two years after the University he lectured, made experiments in optics at Trinity College and studied much himself.

In 1856 he became professor of natural philosophy and in 1860 professor of physics and astronomy at King’s College, London. In London he lived for five years. Here he saw Faraday for the first time.

In 1871 Maxwell became professor of experimental physics at Cambridge. At that time students could not even have such subjects as electricity or magnetism as there was no laboratory for the study of these subjects. Maxwell organized such a laboratory which made Cambridge world-known.

This was a very fruitful period of Maxwell’s life. He studied the problems of electromagnetism, molecular physics, optics, mechanics and others.

Maxwell wrote his first scientific work when he was fifteen. Since that time he wrote a great number of works which were the results of his experiments and calculations.

His most outstanding investigations, however, are in the field of the kinetic theory of gases and electricity. Maxwell is the founder of the electromagnetic field (side by side with Faraday) and the electromagnetic theory.

 

Вариант 5

 

Перепишите выражения и переведите на русский язык.

1) to be composed of (three) parts, 2) circuit elements, 3) to be reduced in size, 4) to fit onto a single chip, 5) Random-Access Memory, 6) to execute an instruction.

 

Придумайте и запишите 5 предложений с глаголом to be.

Перепишите и переведите предложения на русский язык. Поставьте предложения в отрицательную и вопросительную формы.

1. The laboratory assistant always fixes the devices himself. 2. They work in an industrial enterprise. 3. They speak English fluently. 4. They often make a lot of experiments. 5. The students begin their studies in October. 6. We change the temperature of gas in our experiment. 7. They often stay at work after 6 o’clock. 8. I always discuss different problems with my colleagues. 9. I spend my holiday in the seaside. 10. The students of our Institute often go to the industrial exhibitions. 11. The engineers examine devices. 12. You attend all the lectures. 13. He always attends practical classes. 14. She wants to work in an oil company. 15. It often rains in this part of Russia. 16. He likes to read scientific articles. 17. He often takes part in scientific conferences. 18. The students of our University do researches in the field of mathematics. 19. The Professor of our University delivers interesting lectures to the students. 20. They like to publish articles in foreign scientific journals.

Переведите текст.

THE FIRST HACKERS

(1) The first "hackers" were students at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) who belonged to the TMRC (Tech Model Railroad Club). Some of the members really built model trains. But many were more interested in the wires and circuits underneath the track platform. Spending hours at TMRC creating better circuitry was called "a mere hack." Those members who were interested in creating innovative, stylistic, and technically clever circuits called themselves (with pride) hackers.

(2) During the spring of 1959, a new course was offered at MIT, a freshman programming class. Soon the hackers of the railroad club were spending days, hours, and nights hacking away at their computer, an IBM 704. Instead of creating a better circuit, their hack became creating faster, more efficient program - with the least

number of lines of code. Eventually they formed a group and created the first set of hacker's rules, called the Hacker's Ethic.

(3) Steven Levy, in his book Hackers, presented the rules:

Rule 1: Access to computers - and anything, which might teach you, something about the way the world works - should be unlimited and total.

Rule 2: All information should be free.

Rule 3: Mistrust authority - promote decentralization.

Rule 4: Hackers should be judged by their hacking, not bogus criteria such as degrees, race, or position.

Rule 5: You can create art and beauty on a computer.

Rule 6: Computers can change your life for the better.

(4) These rules made programming at MIT's Artificial Intelligence Laboratory a challenging, all encompassing endeavor. Just for the exhilaration of programming, students in the Al Lab would write a new program to perform even the smallest tasks. The program would be made available to others who would try to perform the same task with fewer instructions. The act of making the computer work more elegantly was, to a bonafide hacker, awe-inspiring.

(5) Hackers were given free reign on the computer by two AI Lab professors, "Uncle" John McCarthy and Marvin Minsky, who realized that hacking created new insights. Over the years, the AI Lab created many innovations: LIFE, a game about survival; LISP, a new kind of programming language; the first computer chess game; The CAVE, the first computer adventure; and SPACEWAR, the first video game.