Полякова Т.Ю., Синявская Е.В. и др. Английский язык для инженеров. – М: Высш. шк., 1998.

 

КОНТРОЛЬНАЯ РАБОТА №1

 

Прежде чем приступить к выполнению контрольного задания №1, вам необходимо повторить следующие разделы курса английского языка по рекомендованным учебникам:

1. Имя существительное. Множественное число. Выражение падежных отношений в английском языке с помощью предлогов и окончания – s.

2. Имя прилагательное. Степени сравнения имен прилагательных.

Числительное.

4. Глагол. Спряжение глаголов to be и to have. Оборот there + to be.

Порядок слов в утвердительных и вопросительных предложениях.

 

ВАРИАНТ 1

 

I. Перепишите и переведите предложения, обращая внимание на употребление оборота there + to be.

1. There was something wrong with the engine of my car and I asked the mechanic to examine it. 2. In Metro there are special pumps and fans that suck in the air from the street, purify it and make it warm or cool on its way to the station. 3. There are no traffic-lights at this intersection that is why it is a very dangerous place. 4. Were there any telephone calls while I was out? 5. There is usually a considerable increase in passenger traffic in summer.

II. Перепишите и переведите предложения, обращая внимание на употребление окончания -s.

1. The construction of early bridges without basic knowledge of mathematics resulted in great tragedies because of the bridges’ collapses. 2. Newton’s law of motion was written in Latin, because only this language was used in science at that time. 3. The trains on five routes of Denver’s commuter network carry 1 million passengers a day but demand is at least three times that number. 4. On a large diagram in a dispatcher’s room small lights display the location of each train. 5. Our secretary’s office is equipped with the latest equipment.

III. Перепишите и переведите предложения, обращая внимание употребление прилагательных в сравнительной и превосходной степенях. Подчеркните прилагательные в английских предложениях и укажите степень сравнения.

1. Broken stone is the most suitable material for ballast. 2. One of the longest continuous underground railway tunnels in the world is the 17,5 mile tunnel on the Northern line of the London Underground. 3. The first rails were made of cast iron but when traffic became heavier it was found that cast iron was too brittle and wore too quickly. 4. In the Grand Prix motor racing just a few seconds sometimes separate the fastest car from the slowest car in a race. 5. Traveling in an open-type coach is cheaper than in a sleeping car because sleeping cars are more convenient.

IV. Перепишите и переведите предложения, употребив прилагательные, данные в скобках, в сравнительной или превосходной степени.

1. The double-track railways are (convenient) than the single-track railways if the traffic on these lines is very heavy. 2. Both roads lead to the city center, but the left-hand one is a bit (short) and (direct) than the right-hand road. 3. At the conference the engineers discussed (recent) developments in the field of electronics. 4. Railways cause (little) air contamination than other modes of transport. 5. The bridge crosses the river at its (narrow) point.

 

V. Перепишите предложения. Задайте общие вопросы и специальные вопросы к подчеркнутым словам.

1. The last train arrives at midnight. 2. Rails are made of steel. 3. The Japanese company developed the first pocket-size color TV set. 4. The distance from here to the railway station is 5 kilometers. 5. There were several vacant seats in the bus when I got into it. 6. On this dangerous section of track trains usually decrease their speed. 7. Open-top cars are used for thetransportation of loose bulk materials.

 

VI. Перепишите и переведите текст.

THE TRANS-SIBERIAN MAINLINE

 

. “The Great Siberian Track ” is a well-known name in the history of the Russian State. It was given to the unique railway that connected the European part of the country with the Pacific Coast.

The history of railway construction in Russia started at the end of the 19^th century. Railway mainlines were laid down from the Western borders of the country to St. Petersburg and Moscow, from the center to the Volga region and from Ural to Central Asia. In 1892 the railway network in Russia had a total length of 32,000 km. That very year Samara – Zlatoust railway was built which later became a liaison between railways in the European part of Russia and the Trans-Siberian Mainline.

On March 15, 1891 Alexander III issued an imperial prescript addressed to future Emperor Nicholas II which stated: “I command to start constructing a railway across all Siberia to connect the Siberian region with the European part of Russia. I also entrust you with ground-breaking* of the Great Siberian Track in Vladivostok.”

Two projects of the future mainline were proposed – “the southern version” and “the northern version”. “The northern version” suggested by the Minister of Railways K.N. Posyet won. According to his project the railway was shorter by 400 km and was passing by the Siberian high road** and populated areas.

The building of the Great Siberian Track began in 1893. Construction rates were very fast despite the fact that the railroad went through swamps, thick taiga, crossed major rivers and huge mountains. In less than 15 years more than 8,600 km of track were laid down. At first 10,000 workers were involved in the construction. Later their number went up to 100,000. Job and living conditions were extremely tough. The main tools were spades, picks, axes, wheelbarrows and horse-drawn carts.

The building of the gigantic mainline was a heroic deed accomplished by Russian construction workers due to their tenacious efforts and courage. Some of Trans-Siberian stations bear their names – Rukhlovo, Vyazemskaya, Baranovsky, Snarsky, Adrinovka, etc. The Minister of Railways Vitte wrote: “The Great Siberian Railway breathed life into boundless Siberian lands.”

Notes: * ground-breaking – начало строительства (дороги)

**high road – тракт